ASPECTS (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score)
How to score
- Start at 10; subtract 1 point for EACH region with early ischemic changeEarly ischemic change = parenchymal hypoattenuation and/or loss of grey–white differentiation. Focal swelling/sulcal effacement alone does NOT subtract a point in the original definition.
- Assess only the two standardized axial levelsGanglionic level (at the thalamus/basal ganglia): C, L, IC, I, M1, M2, M3. Supraganglionic level (just above the basal ganglia): M4, M5, M6.
- Score the affected hemisphere and compare with the contralateral side for symmetry
- A region is counted once even if change spans both levels; the change must be within the defined ASPECTS region
- Normal CT = 10; diffuse MCA-territory hypoattenuation = 0
Regions (10 total)
- Subcortical: C (caudate), L (lentiform nucleus), IC (internal capsule), I (insular ribbon)Insular ribbon loss is an early, sensitive sign of MCA ischemia.
- Cortical MCA: M1–M6M1–M3 at the ganglionic level (anterior, lateral, posterior MCA cortex); M4–M6 at the supraganglionic level (cortex superior to M1–M3).
Reporting must state
- Numeric ASPECTS and the side
- Which regions are affected (helps reproducibility and follow-up comparison)
- Presence of a hyperdense MCA / dot sign and any large-vessel occlusion on CTA
- Distinguish established infarct from chronic encephalomalacia / old infarct (do not subtract points for old change)Correlate with prior imaging and clinical onset time.
Tap each region showing early ischemic change (hypoattenuation / loss of grey–white differentiation).
Small early ischemic core; favorable profile for reperfusion therapy.
ASPECTS regions (each = 1 point; Barber et al., Lancet 2000)
Ganglionic level: C, L, IC, I, M1, M2, M3. Supraganglionic level: M4, M5, M6.
C — Caudate head
Ganglionic level.
L — Lentiform nucleus
Ganglionic level.
IC — Internal capsule (posterior limb)
Ganglionic level.
I — Insular ribbon
Ganglionic level; sensitive early sign.
M1 — Anterior MCA cortex
Ganglionic level (frontal operculum).
M2 — MCA cortex lateral to insular ribbon
Ganglionic level (anterior temporal).
M3 — Posterior MCA cortex
Ganglionic level (posterior temporal).
M4 — Anterior MCA cortex, superior
Supraganglionic level (above M1).
M5 — Lateral MCA cortex, superior
Supraganglionic level (above M2).
M6 — Posterior MCA cortex, superior
Supraganglionic level (above M3).
Interpretation thresholds
10
Normal — no early ischemic change.
8–10
Small core; favorable for reperfusion therapy.
6–7
Moderate early ischemic change; most thrombectomy trials enrolled ASPECTS ≥6.
≤5
Large established infarct; historically excluded from early thrombectomy trials (large-core trials later showed benefit in selected patients).
0
Diffuse MCA-territory hypoattenuation.
- ASPECTS applies to the anterior (MCA) circulation only. A separate pc-ASPECTS exists for the posterior circulation.
- The original score does not subtract points for focal swelling/sulcal effacement alone — only for hypoattenuation / loss of grey–white differentiation.
- Interobserver agreement improves with standardized windowing (narrow stroke windows) and side-by-side hemispheric comparison.
Sources
- Barber PA, et al. Validity and Reliability of a Quantitative Computed Tomography Score in Predicting Outcome of Hyperacute Stroke Before Thrombolytic Therapy (ASPECTS). Lancet. 2000;355(9216):1670-1674.
Educational reference for clinicians — not medical advice. Verify against the primary source before acting on it; guidelines change. Final decisions rest with the interpreting physician and your institution's protocols.